Introduction to Pediatric Heart Defects Pediatric heart defects, also known as congenital heart defects (CHDs), are structural abnormalities in the heart that are present from birth. These conditions can range from simple defects, such as small holes between heart chambers, to more complex malformations that affect blood flow and heart function. CHDs are the most common type of birth defect, …

What Causes Chest Pain? Chest pain can be a distressing experience, but not all chest pain is a cause for alarm. Understanding the common causes can help differentiate between when to seek immediate medical attention and when it’s less urgent. Chest pain may stem from various sources, including heart-related issues, digestive problems, lung conditions, or musculoskeletal causes. Recognizing the nature …

Introduction Cardiology medications are essential for managing and treating heart and vascular conditions. These drugs play a vital role in the treatment of various cardiovascular issues such as hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease. The correct selection and proper dosage of these medications can significantly improve patients’ quality of life, while improper use can lead to severe side effects. …

Introduction to Heart Valve Disease Overview of Heart Valve Disease Heart valve disease is a condition that affects one or more of the heart’s four valves: the aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves. These valves play a critical role in controlling the direction and flow of blood through the heart. They ensure that blood moves efficiently from one chamber to …

Introduction Choosing the right cardiology surgical procedure is a critical decision that significantly impacts a patient’s health and quality of life. With various surgical options available, understanding the factors that influence this choice is essential for achieving the best outcomes. This guide will explore the different types of cardiology surgeries, key considerations in the decision-making process, and the latest advancements …